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جرم سازمان یافته فراملی
It is likely that the Canadian Hells Angels were part of a larger transnational organised crime (TOC) network (Albanese and Reichel, 2014).
A TOC network may be engaged in sourcing illegal narcotics, transporting them across national borders and ultimately selling them to local clients or expanding to international clients through the internet and cryptomarkets.
TOC networks exist in several operational models, or typologies, as defined by the United Nations Office on
The individuals involved in such cryptomarket operations have generally been opportunistic entrepreneurs at the distribution level of any of the TOC typologies.
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